Tech
How The Global Computer Chip Shortage Happened

It’s not an overstatement to say that semiconductors power the modern world. They’re not only a key component of nearly every electronic device we buy and use — they also power the factories that make the electronic devices we buy and use. And now, there aren’t enough of them getting made. Here’s how the global semiconductor chip shortage got so bad, and what’s being done to fix it.
A chip shortage that started as consumers stocked up on personal computers and other electronics during the Covid-19 pandemic now threatens to snarl car production around the world.
GM said that it would extend production cuts in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico until the middle of March. They join a long list of major automakers, including Ford, Honda and Fiat Chrysler, which have warned investors or slowed vehicle production because of the chip shortage.
But it’s not just the automotive industry that’s struggling to get enough semiconductors to build their products. AMD and Qualcomm, which sell chips to most of the top electronics firms, have noted the shortage in recent weeks. Sony blamed the chip shortage for why it’s so hard to get a PlayStation 5 game console.
Chips are likely to remain in short supply in coming months as demand remains higher than ever. The Semiconductor Industry Association said in December that global chip sales would grow 8.4% in 2021 from 2020′s total of $433 billion. That’s up from 5.1% growth between 2019 and 2020 — a notable jump, given how large the absolute numbers are.
Semiconductors are in short supply because of strong demand for electronics, shifting business models in the semiconductor world that created a bottleneck among outsourced chip factories, and effects from the U.S. trade war with China that started under former President Trump.
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How The Global Computer Chip Shortage Happened
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The Race For Chip Dominance | CNBC Marathon
CNBC Marathon goes to explore the biggest tech companies that are designing chips on U.S. soil.
Thirty years ago, Taiwan immigrant Jensen Huang founded Nvidia with the dream of revolutionizing PCs and gaming with 3D graphics. In 1999, after laying off the majority of workers and nearly going bankrupt, the company succeeded when it launched what it claims as the world’s first Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Then Jensen bet the company on something entirely different: AI. Now, that bet is paying off in a big way as Nvidia’s A100 chips quickly become the coveted training engines for ChatGPT and other generative AI. But as the chip shortage eases, other chip giants like Intel are struggling. And with all it’s chips made by TSMC in Taiwan, Nvidia remains vulnerable to mounting U.S.-China trade tensions. We went to Nvidia’s Silicon Valley, California, headquarters to talk with Huang and get a behind-the scenes-look at the chips powering gaming and the AI boom.
Samsung may be known for android phones, TVs and appliances, but it’s also been the undisputed leader in memory for more than three decades. Now, as memory prices continue to fall, it’s doubling down on manufacturing chips for outside customers, with a $17 billion new chip fab in Texas and new $228 billion cluster in South Korea. CNBC got a rare look inside Samsung’s chip business to bring you the untold story of how it became the world’s second biggest advanced chipmaker, just as it makes plans to catch the industry leader TSMC.
Despite its firm footing as the world’s biggest cloud provider, Amazon Web Services got a slow start to the generative AI race. AWS released its large language model, Titan, months after Microsoft’s reported $13 billion investment in ChatGPT-maker OpenAI and Google’s release of Bard. But AWS is also designing its own custom AI microchips, shown to CNBC in an exclusive tour of its Austin chip lab. Now analysts say AWS may gain a long term advantage in AI by offering an alternative to Nvidia GPUs.
Apple has designed its own custom chips for iPhones since 2010, kicking off a trend followed by other non-chip giants like Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Tesla. In November, CNBC became the first journalists to film inside an Apple chip lab, where it tests its latest M3 chips that replaced Intel processors in all new Macs. We also got a rare chance to talk with Apple’s head of silicon, Johny Srouji, and Apple’s senior vice president of hardware engineering, John Ternus, about geopolitical risks in Taiwan, slowdowns and what’s next in AI.
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
01:22 How Nvidia Grew From Gaming To A.I. Giant, Now Powering ChatGPT (Published March 2023)
19:02 The Untold Story Of Samsung’s Growing Chip Business (Published November 2023)
36:40 How Amazon Is Making Custom Chips To Catch Up In Generative A.I. Race (Published August 2023)
52:19 Inside An Apple Lab That Makes Custom Chips For iPhone And Mac (Published December 2023)
Produced by: Katie Tarasov
Edited by: Sydney Boyo, Evan Lee Miller, Amy Marino
Supervising Producer: Jeniece Pettitt
Additional Reporting: Jordan Novet
Animation: Andrea Schmitz, Christina Locopo, Jason Reginato, Midnight Snacks
Camera: Andrew Evers, Katie Brigham Joseph Huerta
Additional Footage: Getty Images , Apple, TSMC, AMD, Google, Intel, Nvidia, OpenAI, Qualcomm, Samsung, Amazon, Airbus, Autobus, Microsoft, ASML
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The Race For Chip Dominance | CNBC Marathon
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@FastComponentsEurope
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
We're supplying the Automotive, Telecommunication, Aerospace, Industrial, MedTech and much more sectors with the help of our state of the art lab for QA
@Fisher-cy9wx
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Guau
@Fisher-cy9wx
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Wow
@miroslavkelekovic2507
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Since when the Taiwan is not on China land? Like stating Haway are nor usa land..
@peterchan3889
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Very soon China produced SUPER CHEAP chips to bankrupt world chips marker.
@calvingrondahl1011
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
If we don’t learn the hard way we don’t learn. Two steps forward, one step back.😊
@michaelwillcutt2619
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Doesn’t that mean all the boards full of chips I have are worth more money than last year .
@amgguy4319
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Republican CEOs shipped all of the manufacturing jobs to China, because they Hate Americans and Love personal profits. Intel, AMD, etc., destroyed by Republicans.
@JkJK-pb5qm
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Obviously, it is because of the trouble made by the JB on the supply chain of semiconductor industry. Don't be fooled by JB and MSMs. This is the only thing they are good at-making trouble and then making maximum profit.
@IvanOoze1990
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Covid didn't lead to anything, People led to this. PEOPLE.
@charlesedwards9024
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Kool
@NaturalFuture
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
The first step to solving this problem and keep it from happening again: US firms must not let their craving for profits cause them to move labor out of the US. Once they choose to accept the cost of good domestic labor and a corresponding reduction in their profits, US firms will be able to return manufacturing here, resulting in the US being self-sufficient and thus less vulnerable to manipulative dictatorships like China. Other countries should do the same, leaving China, which appears bent on controlling the world, less able to harm countries that don't bend to its will.
@joelackie1682
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Solar is awesome! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-4MlXrScyY
@jamesfiaco4922
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
The most advanced ancient Royal elite super superior ancient civilized nations. Made sure all their loyal subjects were able to live and die to the highest standards of quality that were available during that time. and they can do this without anyone overstepping their boundaries. Because the end result of such a lifestyle. Is constant consisting physical mental financial spiritual progress occurring within each and every moment of life. That Level of care to oneself and others results in a truly positive force that is self perpetuating continuously.
@jamesfiaco4922
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Hemp has been proven to be 10 times stronger and 30% lighter than steel far more versatile making the design possibilities practically limitless. If we just made our computer chips with hemp global pollution would be on the decline. Keep in mind hemp makes over 26,000 different products in a earth friendly manner. Sincerely can be used as a power source building material clothing fabric medical aid remedy high source of nutrition hygiene products so forth and so on etc. etc. it's time to move out of that outdated past with inferior poisonous toxic substances chemicals and weak brittle rusting out steel.
@uttaranghosal5129
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
I dislike this video
@djdar9036
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
So there's a chip shortage. Now the elitist are meeting and taking about tracking everyone. Where do think all the chips are going 🤔
@carlsmith5545
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Chip manufacturing is falling behind in the United States. I don't know why America is so behind in everything it seems. Over the decades the United States has lost so much that there's no longer a such thing as, american made. We lost alot from the great knitting industries to american made steel. And falling behind in american achievements such as alternative figurings to fuel, energy efficiencies, even coming up with ways to cut water and air pollution. The United States of America is even falling behind in transportation. Travel is becoming more and more unreliable in the air, fuel costs are so high you can't even go for a ride with your family to see the country side. The americans can improve so much if they would just stand up and do it. Bullet train technology is something the United States of America should of had decades ago. Taking the fine example of china and Japan who are the leaders of this modern marvels of transportation, followed by many European countries and yet the United States being one of the richest countries on earth isn't even close to this transportation marvel? How sad it is. It seems like they rather walk, pay out money for the high cost of fuel, sit around stranded at airports, or ride the slow and lethargic tour trains called Amtrak. America should be on the world map of all kinds of great achievements. I guess they no longer like to carry around the notability as being…. GREAT. As other countries continue to advance themselves in all manner of achievements, the United States of America continues to fall behind losing the title of being great. America what are you waiting for? Wake up!!!!!!
@zombiestory6353
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Companies intentionally offshore their microchip production in order to get cheap labor and now they want money to bring it back that's all you need to know
@shylajashylaja3829
January 30, 2024 at 1:41 pm
Our "Days of Orders" for our cars has rocketed from a norm of 30 -40 days of orders to well over a hundred. Crazy times.