Tech
The Race For Chip Dominance | CNBC Marathon
CNBC Marathon goes to explore the biggest tech companies that are designing chips on U.S. soil.
Thirty years ago, Taiwan immigrant Jensen Huang founded Nvidia with the dream of revolutionizing PCs and gaming with 3D graphics. In 1999, after laying off the majority of workers and nearly going bankrupt, the company succeeded when it launched what it claims as the world’s first Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Then Jensen bet the company on something entirely different: AI. Now, that bet is paying off in a big way as Nvidia’s A100 chips quickly become the coveted training engines for ChatGPT and other generative AI. But as the chip shortage eases, other chip giants like Intel are struggling. And with all it’s chips made by TSMC in Taiwan, Nvidia remains vulnerable to mounting U.S.-China trade tensions. We went to Nvidia’s Silicon Valley, California, headquarters to talk with Huang and get a behind-the scenes-look at the chips powering gaming and the AI boom.
Samsung may be known for android phones, TVs and appliances, but it’s also been the undisputed leader in memory for more than three decades. Now, as memory prices continue to fall, it’s doubling down on manufacturing chips for outside customers, with a $17 billion new chip fab in Texas and new $228 billion cluster in South Korea. CNBC got a rare look inside Samsung’s chip business to bring you the untold story of how it became the world’s second biggest advanced chipmaker, just as it makes plans to catch the industry leader TSMC.
Despite its firm footing as the world’s biggest cloud provider, Amazon Web Services got a slow start to the generative AI race. AWS released its large language model, Titan, months after Microsoft’s reported $13 billion investment in ChatGPT-maker OpenAI and Google’s release of Bard. But AWS is also designing its own custom AI microchips, shown to CNBC in an exclusive tour of its Austin chip lab. Now analysts say AWS may gain a long term advantage in AI by offering an alternative to Nvidia GPUs.
Apple has designed its own custom chips for iPhones since 2010, kicking off a trend followed by other non-chip giants like Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Tesla. In November, CNBC became the first journalists to film inside an Apple chip lab, where it tests its latest M3 chips that replaced Intel processors in all new Macs. We also got a rare chance to talk with Apple’s head of silicon, Johny Srouji, and Apple’s senior vice president of hardware engineering, John Ternus, about geopolitical risks in Taiwan, slowdowns and what’s next in AI.
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
01:22 How Nvidia Grew From Gaming To A.I. Giant, Now Powering ChatGPT (Published March 2023)
19:02 The Untold Story Of Samsung’s Growing Chip Business (Published November 2023)
36:40 How Amazon Is Making Custom Chips To Catch Up In Generative A.I. Race (Published August 2023)
52:19 Inside An Apple Lab That Makes Custom Chips For iPhone And Mac (Published December 2023)
Produced by: Katie Tarasov
Edited by: Sydney Boyo, Evan Lee Miller, Amy Marino
Supervising Producer: Jeniece Pettitt
Additional Reporting: Jordan Novet
Animation: Andrea Schmitz, Christina Locopo, Jason Reginato, Midnight Snacks
Camera: Andrew Evers, Katie Brigham Joseph Huerta
Additional Footage: Getty Images , Apple, TSMC, AMD, Google, Intel, Nvidia, OpenAI, Qualcomm, Samsung, Amazon, Airbus, Autobus, Microsoft, ASML
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The Race For Chip Dominance | CNBC Marathon
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The Federal Reserve has implemented 11 interest rate hikes since March 2022. More than a third of Americans said rising rates kept them from financial comfort. So, how much money do Americans need to be comfortable? Watch the full video here: https://youtu.be/TgVtXT5Mqj0
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CNBC Marathon explores various tech companies manufacturing chips on U.S. soil.
Micron, Samsung and SK Hynix are responsible for making 90% of the world’s DRAM memory chips, and Micron is the only one based in the U.S. That’s made it the latest target of bans from China. Yet Micron is spending $115 billion to build the biggest chip project in U.S. history. CNBC visited Micron in Idaho and talked to Gov. Kathy Hochul in New York to hear about the new fabs. We also asked Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer about Micron ahead of his meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Arm beat expectations in its first post-IPO earnings report in November 2023. Its low-power chip architecture is in nearly every smartphone, replaced Intel’s x86 processors in Apple’s Mac computers, and is the basis for Qualcomm’s PC processors, and Amazon’s data center chips. CNBC went to Arm in Cambridge, England, to find out how it became the year’s biggest IPO despite 20% of revenue coming from China, struggling smartphone sales, and a failed $40 billion acquisition attempt by Nvidia.
Texas has taken the top spot as the center of U.S. chip manufacturing. The Lone Star State now has more semiconductor fabrication plants than any other state, and six new projects will bring an estimated $61 billion of investment and 8,000 jobs. The integrated circuit was invented in Texas more than 60 years ago, and chip companies are attracted by low taxes, plentiful land, and the $1.4 billion Texas CHIPS Act passed in June. CNBC got a rare look inside three massive chip fabs and toured the two biggest projects under construction: Texas Instruments’ $30 billion site north of Dallas and Samsung’s $17 billion fab near Austin.
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
01:13 How Micron’s Building Biggest U.S. Chip Fab, Despite China Ban (Published October 2023)
18:45 How Arm Powers Chips By Apple, Amazon, Google And More (Published November 2023)
34:32 How Texas Became The American Chipmaking Hub (Published July 2023)
Produced by: Katie Tarasov
Edited by: Amy Marino, Evan Lee Miller
Supervising Producer: Jeniece Pettitt
Animation: Andrea Schmitz, Christina Locopo, Jason Reginato
Camera: Tasia Jensen, Mickey Todiwala, Ben Farrar, Kent Kessinger, Sydney Boyo, Katie Brigham, Max Thurlow
Additional Camera: Andrew Evers
Additional Footage: AMD, Apple, Arm, Getty Images, Google, Intel, KCBD, Microsoft, Nividia, NXP, Office of Governor Kathy Hochul, Panda Power Funds, Samsung, SK Hynix, Texas Instruments, TSMC
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How Chips Are Made In The U.S.| CNBC Marathon
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Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket comes at a price tag that’s only a fraction of the $50 million or more it costs to launch a larger rocket. How will that revolutionize the industry and expand who will be able to send satellites into space?
Rocket Lab put seven spacecraft in orbit on Saturday with its first commercial launch, as the company grew its lead in the burgeoning small rocket industry.
Delayed from this past spring, the “It’s Business Time” launch marks the beginning of Rocket Lab’s acceleration toward launching at a weekly rate. The rocket builder reached orbit for the first time in January with its final test launch but saw this commercial attempt delayed due to a “motor control” issue with the rocket.
“Perfect flight,” Rocket Lab CEO Peter Beck said in a tweet after the launch. “Orbital accuracy was exquisite.”
Rocket Lab is building small rockets priced at about $5.7 million a launch. The company’s Electron rocket is designed to launch spacecraft up to the size of a refrigerator, especially for the premium small satellite part of the rocket market. Small rockets like Electron can save customers months of time getting to orbit but come at a higher cost compared to flying as a “rideshare” on a larger rocket like the SpaceX Falcon 9.
“It’s Business Time” launched six satellites for Spire, Tyvak, Fleet and the Irvine CubeSat STEM program. The launch also included a spacecraft built by HPS GmbH to demonstrate a new technology to reduce space debris.
The launch keeps Rocket Lab – valued at more than $1.2 billion and based in New Zealand and California – at the front of the pack in the small rocket race. Beck estimates there are over 100 companies trying to catch up. But Rocket Lab has another launch scheduled for December, as well as 16 launches planned for 2019.
Rocket Lab has a backlog of launches for the next 18 months, Beck said, which is “around a $3 billion pipeline.” The factories in New Zealand and California “have been specifically designed to produce one rocket a week,” Beck said. Rocket Lab aims to be launching at a weekly rate in 2020.
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